Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachev was the political leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 to 1991 and the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
His attempt at reform led to the end of the Cold War, but it also led to the end of the supreme political power of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) and the collapse of the Soviet Union.
He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1990.